Suqian is one of the centers of biological evolution in the world, and also one of the centers of human origin, known as the "holy land of life" on earth. The gibbon fossil found in the territory is more than 10 million years ago, which is the earliest ancient ape fossil found in Asia so far; On the Bank of the Huaihe River, there were ancestors who lived near the water 50000 years ago, known as the "xiacaowan cultural site". It is said that in the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, the ancient Xuyi people lived here. In 113 B.C., the kingdom of Surabaya established its capital here and passed on Five Dynasties and six kings, which lasted 132 years. Xiaxiang county was established in Qin Dynasty, Suyu County in Eastern Jin Dynasty, and Suqian county was renamed in the first year of zongbaoying in Tang Dynasty. In the long history, Suqian has cultivated numerous outstanding figures in the history books. Xiang Yu, the overlord of Western Chu, his wife Yu Ji, and song Changrong, the Peking opera performing artist, are all good sons and daughters of Suqian people. Shen Kuo, a scientist in the Northern Song Dynasty, was the chief bookkeeper and magistrate of Shuyang. Yuan Mei, a poet in the late Qing Dynasty, was the magistrate of Shuyang. Suqian has beautiful scenery and numerous landscapes. Emperor Qianlong visited Suqian five times six times in Jiangnan, and praised Suqian as "the first spring of the river".